Crossword Genius

Quiet minister felt bad but took control (9)

Ross

I believe the answer is:

prevailed

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'took control' is the definition.
Although both the answer and definition are past participle verbs, I cannot understand how they can define each other.

'quiet minister felt bad' is the wordplay.
'quiet' becomes 'p' (music symbol for 'piano', ie soft or quiet).
'minister' becomes 'rev' (short for reverend).
'felt bad' becomes 'ailed' (I've seen this in another clue).
'p'+'rev'+'ailed'='PREVAILED'

'but' is the link.

Can you help me to learn more?

(Other definitions for prevailed that I've seen before include "Was in force" , "had his way" .)

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