Leader briefly annexing capital of large country (5)

I believe the answer is:

chile

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'large country' is the definition.
'chile' can be an answer for 'country' (Chile is a country). I am not sure about the 'large' bit.

'leader briefly annexing capital' is the wordplay.
'leader' becomes 'chief' (chief is a kind of leader).
'briefly' means to remove the last letter.
'annexing' indicates putting letters inside.
'capital' becomes 'l' (I am not sure about this - if you are sure you should give a lot more credence to this answer).
'chief' with its final letter taken away is 'chie'.
'chie' enclosing 'l' is 'CHILE'.

'of' acts as a link.

Can you help me to learn more?

(Other definitions for chile that I've seen before include "Most southerly American country" , "South American country" , "Long narrow country" , "S. American nation" , "Long, thin country" .)

I've seen this clue in The Guardian.

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