Engine dirt damaged component (10)
I believe the answer is:
ingredient
'component' is the definition.
(ingredient is a kind of component)
'engine dirt damaged' is the wordplay.
'damaged' indicates an anagram.
'engine'+'dirt'='enginedirt'
'enginedirt' is an anagram of 'INGREDIENT'.
(Other definitions for ingredient that I've seen before include "Component of mixture" , "Component part" , "bit of meal?" , "One of the things" , "Constituent" .)