Judge has teatime altered to accommodate beginning of sentencing (8)
I believe the answer is:
estimate
'judge' is the definition.
(synonyms)
'teatime altered to accommodate beginning of sentencing' is the wordplay.
'altered' indicates anagramming the letters.
'to accommodate' is an insertion indicator.
'beginning of' says to take the initial letters.
The initial letter of 'sentencing' is 's'.
'teatime' anagrammed gives 'etimate'.
'etimate' enclosing 's' is 'ESTIMATE'.
'has' acts as a link.
(Other definitions for estimate that I've seen before include "Reckon value" , "Calculate approximately" , "Make an educated guess" , "calculate aproximately" , "Assess value" .)