Put in lodgings right by unusual tree in courtyard (9)
I believe the answer is:
quartered
'put in lodgings' is the definition.
(put into living quarters)
'right by unusual tree in courtyard' is the wordplay.
'right' becomes 'r' (common abbreviation).
'by' says to put letters next to each other.
'unusual' indicates an anagram.
'in' means one lot of letters goes inside another.
'courtyard' becomes 'quad' (short for quadrangle).
'tree' anagrammed gives 'tere'.
'r'+'tere'='rtere'
'rtere' inserted inside 'quad' is 'QUARTERED'.
(Other definitions for quartered that I've seen before include "Billeted in lodgings" , "accommodated" .)